Simultaneous changes in seed size,oil content and protein content driven by selection of SWEET homologues during soybean domestication     

Shoudong Wang  Shulin Liu  Jie Wang  Kengo Yokosho  Bin Zhou  Ya-Chi Yu  Zhi Liu  Wolf B Frommer  Jian Feng Ma  Li-Qing Chen  Yuefeng Guan  Huixia Shou  Zhixi Tian 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(11):1776

Soybean accounts for more than half of the global production of oilseed and more than a quarter of the protein used globally for human food and animal feed. Soybean domestication involved parallel increases in seed size and oil content, and a concomitant decrease in protein content. However, science has not yet discovered whether these effects were due to selective pressure on a single gene or multiple genes. Here, re-sequencing data from >800 genotypes revealed a strong selection during soybean domestication on GmSWEET10a. The selection of GmSWEET10a conferred simultaneous increases in soybean-seed size and oil content as well as a reduction in the protein content. The result was validated using both near-isogenic lines carrying substitution of haplotype chromosomal segments and transgenic soybeans. Moreover, GmSWEET10b was found to be functionally redundant with its homologue GmSWEET10a and to be undergoing selection in current breeding, leading the the elite allele GmSWEET10b, a potential target for present-day soybean breeding. Both GmSWEET10a and GmSWEET10b were shown to transport sucrose and hexose, contributing to sugar allocation from seed coat to embryo, which consequently determines oil and protein contents and seed size in soybean. We conclude that past selection of optimal GmSWEET10a alleles drove the initial domestication of multiple soybean-seed traits and that targeted selection of the elite allele GmSWEET10b may further improve the yield and seed quality of modern soybean cultivars.  相似文献   

Is everyone in class in agreement and why (not)? Using student and teacher reports to predict within-class consensus on goal structures     

《Learning and Instruction》2021

Students in the same class can differ considerably in their perceptions of teaching quality, but little is known about the drivers of this lack of agreement. In this study, we relied on within-class consensus as a measure of agreement in students' perceptions and explored both student-reported predictors (Sample 1) and teacher-reported predictors (Sample 2) of consensus in students’ ratings of six goal structures dimensions (task, autonomy, recognition, grouping, evaluation, time). Classroom-level results from multi-level models indicated that student-perceived differential teacher treatment negatively predicted consensus regarding evaluation, as well as achievement heterogeneity, whereas instructional clarity positively predicted consensus for recognition, grouping, and evaluation, as well as class-average achievement (Sample 1). Mediating effects of achievement heterogeneity and achievement were not statistically significant. In Sample 2, negative effects of teacher-reported emotional exhaustion and teaching-related anxiety on consensus were observed for several dimensions. Teaching-related enjoyment had no effect.  相似文献   

Head start and the intensification of teaching in early childhood education     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2014

Head Start is the largest early childhood education program in the US. Echoing patterns emerging in ECE world-wide, Head Start has dramatically changed. Greater emphasis is now placed on kindergarten readiness, child and teacher assessment, professionalization, and increased competition for program funding. Drawing on a mixed methods research design, a case study was conducted that explores the nature and effects of these changes on teachers and the work of teaching within Head Start. Strong evidence of work intensification was found, a topic little explored within the wider ECE literature. In the light of this finding the authors question the model of professionalism that now dominates ECE reform.  相似文献   

论高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设的三种模式     

李利平 《大学教育科学》2011,(4):56-59

高职院校"双师型"教师队伍建设是提高高职学生培养质量的关键。高职院校"双师型"师资队伍的建设有培养双重能力、引进兼职教师、实施入职认证三种思路,相应地有"双师素质培养"、"双师结构构建"和"双师资格认证"三种建设模式。高职院校"双师型"教师队伍建设应把握这三种建设模式的实施要点,建立职业教育教师专业标准,实施高职教师资格认证准入制度。  相似文献   

哈佛大学的发展历程、教育理念及启示     

别敦荣  贾杰静 《大学教育科学》2011,(6):76-81

哈佛大学是世界高等教育的典范,兼容了英国的学院观念、德国的研究与研究所制度和美国的民主思想。它所秉持的精英教育、真理与学术至上、自由教育和学术自由等教育理念,既是其370多年发展历史的结晶,又是其超越自我、独领风骚、傲视群雄的内在精神。研究哈佛大学教育理念,有助于科学系统地构建引领我国建设高等教育强国的理念体系,为建设世界一流大学提供借鉴和启示。  相似文献   

“以学生为本”创新高职教学质量评价方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周炫 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2011,10(1):22-27

高职教育创新教学质量评价方法具体表现在以下三方面：一要体现＂以学生为本＂的教学评价理念;二要构建完善的教学质量监控系统;三要改革教学质量评价指标设计方案。  相似文献   

高职教育引企入校质量监控体系探究     

李宏葱 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2011,10(4):8-11

引企入校,开展工学结合教育工作是高职培养面向生产、建设、服务和管理第一线高技能人才的重要环节。目前高职教育在引企入校的过程中出现了各种问题,造成引企入校合作流于形式,合作质量不高。其原因在于,高职院校引企入校前,没有建立较完善的质量监控体系,而构建此体系才是解决问题的良方。  相似文献   

远程学习服务质量影响路径的实证研究     

黄复生 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(6):44-50

学习者是远程教育的中心。市场营销中的相关理论能对研究远程学习服务质量具有借鉴作用。3789份的大样本调查数据的结构方程模型的路径分析,首次在远程教育领域验证了"服务质量→服务价值→服务满意感→行为意向"的主要影响路径。远程学习者选择远程学习服务的心理机制和行为路径是:远程学习服务质量是通过服务价值、服务满意感来对学习者行为意向产生作用。这一发现为更好地服务远程学习者提供了理论基础,也为远程学习者自身教育服务消费能力建设提供借鉴作用。  相似文献   

计算机控制技术课程实践教学探索     

辅小荣 《中国现代教育装备》2011,(9):81-83

计算机控制技术课程是电气信息类工科专业的主干专业课之一,对其课程教学实践进行探索是十分必要。针对计算机控制技术课程的特点,从实验教学、课程设计及其他实训环节的内容进行了探讨,采用灵活多样方式进行实践教学改革,培养学生独立分析和解决问题的能力,为深化教学改革进行了有益的尝试,获得良好的教学效果。  相似文献   

在书法教育中培养大学生的创新能力     

王文影 《中国现代教育装备》2011,(15):150-151

从开设大学书法教育的重要性,在书法教育中培养大学生创新能力所遇到的问题和如何在书法教育中培养大学生的创新能力三个方面介绍在书法教育中培养大学生创新思维的重要性,不仅可以让学生掌握必要的书法技巧,同时还能深入推进素质教育,提高大学生的综合素质,有利于为社会的发展培养高素质的创新型人才。  相似文献